Multiplication Tables 1-12: Printable Times Tables

The multiplication tables, also called the times tables, are the multiplication facts for the numbers 1 to 10, plus 11 and 12, that kids are expected to know by heart. Most children start in second grade and finish in third grade, and they use them for everything that comes next: division, fractions and multi-digit math.

On this page you will find every multiplication table from 1 to 12, each with a trick to remember it. Then there is the multiplication chart, a simple way to learn them without tears, and free PDFs to print: charts, a chart to fill in, worksheets, quizzes with answers and color-by-number pages.

In short. There are twelve tables, each with twelve answers, but you do not have to learn 144 separate facts. Since 3 × 7 is the same as 7 × 3, the facts to learn are far fewer. In the 1 to 10 tables, once you take out the 1s, 2s, 5s and 10s, which are easy to work out, only 21 are left. The hardest ones are almost always in the 6, 7 and 8 tables.

All the multiplication tables from 1 to 12

Each table has twelve rows: the number times 1, times 2 and so on up to times 12. Under each one you will find a trick that helps you remember it and a link to the PDF of that table, with a “Now you try” part to fill in.

The 1 times table

1 × 1	1
1 × 2	2
1 × 3	3
1 × 4	4
1 × 5	5
1 × 6	6
1 × 7	7
1 × 8	8
1 × 9	9
1 × 10	10
1 × 11	11
1 × 12	12

The trick. Any number times 1 stays the same: 1 × 7 = 7. PDF of the 1 times table

The 2 times table

2 × 1	2
2 × 2	4
2 × 3	6
2 × 4	8
2 × 5	10
2 × 6	12
2 × 7	14
2 × 8	16
2 × 9	18
2 × 10	20
2 × 11	22
2 × 12	24

The trick. It is just doubling: count by twos. Every answer is an even number. PDF of the 2 times table

The 3 times table

3 × 1	3
3 × 2	6
3 × 3	9
3 × 4	12
3 × 5	15
3 × 6	18
3 × 7	21
3 × 8	24
3 × 9	27
3 × 10	30
3 × 11	33
3 × 12	36

The trick. Count by threes. Add up the digits of any answer and you always get 3, 6 or 9: 27 → 2 + 7 = 9. PDF of the 3 times table

The 4 times table

4 × 1	4
4 × 2	8
4 × 3	12
4 × 4	16
4 × 5	20
4 × 6	24
4 × 7	28
4 × 8	32
4 × 9	36
4 × 10	40
4 × 11	44
4 × 12	48

The trick. Double the double: 4 × 7 → double 7 is 14, double 14 is 28. PDF of the 4 times table

The 5 times table

5 × 1	5
5 × 2	10
5 × 3	15
5 × 4	20
5 × 5	25
5 × 6	30
5 × 7	35
5 × 8	40
5 × 9	45
5 × 10	50
5 × 11	55
5 × 12	60

The trick. Every answer ends in 5 or 0. With an even number, take half and add a zero: 5 × 8 → half of 8 is 4 → 40. PDF of the 5 times table

The 6 times table

6 × 1	6
6 × 2	12
6 × 3	18
6 × 4	24
6 × 5	30
6 × 6	36
6 × 7	42
6 × 8	48
6 × 9	54
6 × 10	60
6 × 11	66
6 × 12	72

The trick. When you multiply 6 by 2, 4, 6 or 8, the answer ends in that same digit: 6 × 4 = 24, 6 × 8 = 48. PDF of the 6 times table

The 7 times table

7 × 1	7
7 × 2	14
7 × 3	21
7 × 4	28
7 × 5	35
7 × 6	42
7 × 7	49
7 × 8	56
7 × 9	63
7 × 10	70
7 × 11	77
7 × 12	84

The trick. You already know many of these from other tables: 7 × 3 is the same as 3 × 7. And remember 5, 6, 7, 8: 56 = 7 × 8. PDF of the 7 times table

The 8 times table

8 × 1	8
8 × 2	16
8 × 3	24
8 × 4	32
8 × 5	40
8 × 6	48
8 × 7	56
8 × 8	64
8 × 9	72
8 × 10	80
8 × 11	88
8 × 12	96

The trick. Double the double of the double: 8 × 6 → 12 → 24 → 48. The ones digit goes down by two: 8, 6, 4, 2, 0. PDF of the 8 times table

The 9 times table

9 × 1	9
9 × 2	18
9 × 3	27
9 × 4	36
9 × 5	45
9 × 6	54
9 × 7	63
9 × 8	72
9 × 9	81
9 × 10	90
9 × 11	99
9 × 12	108

The trick. The tens digit is one less than the number, and the two digits add up to 9: 9 × 7 → 6 and 3 → 63. Or use your fingers (see the finger trick below). PDF of the 9 times table

The 10 times table

10 × 1	10
10 × 2	20
10 × 3	30
10 × 4	40
10 × 5	50
10 × 6	60
10 × 7	70
10 × 8	80
10 × 9	90
10 × 10	100
10 × 11	110
10 × 12	120

The trick. Just add a zero: 10 × 6 = 60. PDF of the 10 times table

The 11 times table

11 × 1	11
11 × 2	22
11 × 3	33
11 × 4	44
11 × 5	55
11 × 6	66
11 × 7	77
11 × 8	88
11 × 9	99
11 × 10	110
11 × 11	121
11 × 12	132

The trick. Up to 9, the digit repeats: 11 × 4 = 44. After that, 11 × 10 = 110, 11 × 11 = 121 and 11 × 12 = 132. PDF of the 11 times table

The 12 times table

12 × 1	12
12 × 2	24
12 × 3	36
12 × 4	48
12 × 5	60
12 × 6	72
12 × 7	84
12 × 8	96
12 × 9	108
12 × 10	120
12 × 11	132
12 × 12	144

The trick. Do 10 times the number, then 2 times, and add them: 12 × 7 → 70 + 14 = 84. PDF of the 12 times table

All the tables on one sheet

PDF, two pages in US Letter size: in color and in black and white.

Download the PDF

The multiplication chart

The multiplication chart puts all the tables into one grid. Find the first number in the column on the left and the second number in the row at the top: the answer is where they meet. For 7 × 8, go down to 7, move right to 8, and you find 56.

×	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
1	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
2	2	4	6	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22	24
3	3	6	9	12	15	18	21	24	27	30	33	36
4	4	8	12	16	20	24	28	32	36	40	44	48
5	5	10	15	20	25	30	35	40	45	50	55	60
6	6	12	18	24	30	36	42	48	54	60	66	72
7	7	14	21	28	35	42	49	56	63	70	77	84
8	8	16	24	32	40	48	56	64	72	80	88	96
9	9	18	27	36	45	54	63	72	81	90	99	108
10	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90	100	110	120
11	11	22	33	44	55	66	77	88	99	110	121	132
12	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108	120	132	144

The squares are highlighted along the diagonal.

Look closely and you will spot three useful things:

the chart is symmetric: the half above the diagonal matches the half below it, because 4 × 9 and 9 × 4 give the same answer;
on the diagonal are the square numbers, a number times itself: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144;
every row moves ahead by the same step: the row of 6 goes up 6 at a time.

Printable multiplication chart

PDF, four pages in US Letter size: filled in with color, filled in black and white, blank to complete, half blank to complete.

Download the PDF

How to learn the multiplication tables

Kids learn the tables best in three steps: first they understand what it means to multiply, then they repeat a little at a time, and finally they practice answering quickly, in any order.

1. Understand. 3 × 4 means “three groups of four,” which is 4 + 4 + 4. With beans, building blocks or coins, a child can see that the answer is 12 and that four groups of three make the same number.

2. Repeat, in the right order. It works best to start with the easy tables and add the others one at a time:

2, 10 and 5, which you can skip count out loud (by twos, by tens, by fives);
4, the double of 2, and 3;
9, with the digit trick, and 6;
7 and 8 last: by then almost all of their answers are already known from the other tables;
11 and 12 to finish, if your child wants to go further.

3. Practice in any order. Reciting a table from start to finish is not enough: at school the question comes out of the blue, “what is 7 × 6?” That is why the printables and the game mix the facts up. Ten minutes a day works better than an hour on Sunday.

The finger trick for 9. Hold both hands out in front of you. For 9 × 4, fold down your fourth finger from the left: three fingers are up on the left (the tens) and six on the right (the ones). The answer is 36. It works for every 9 fact from 9 × 1 to 9 × 10.

Learning the tables the Montessori way

The Montessori method takes a child from the hands to the memory. First the child builds the multiplications with materials to touch, like the colored bead bars, where each number has its own color and length, or the bead board, where the child lays out as many rows of beads as the first number says. Only later, after seeing and counting the answer many times, does the child move on to the written tables and the multiplication chart to complete. At home you can do the same with beans or buttons in rows: 4 rows of 6 make a rectangle with 24 buttons.

Printable multiplication tables: all the PDFs

All the files are in US Letter size, download with one click and need no sign-up. The worksheets and quizzes print well in black and white too; the answers are in a separate file so the child’s sheet stays clean.

Tables and multiplication chart

All the multiplication tables from 1 to 12, in color and in black and white
One table per sheet, with the trick and a part to complete: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12
Multiplication chart: filled in, blank and half blank to complete

Multiplication worksheets

Each worksheet has four kinds of exercises: calculate, find the missing number, complete the sequence, and say whether a statement is true or false.

Worksheet for the 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10 times tables
Worksheet for the 6, 7, 8 and 9 times tables
Worksheet for all the times tables
Word problems with the times tables: eight everyday problems, with space for the work
From multiplication to division
Worksheet answers

Multiplication quizzes

Three quizzes of 30 questions each, with a box for the score and for the time taken. At the end the child circles how it went. You can repeat them after a few weeks to see the progress.

Times tables color-by-number

Six pixel-art pictures to uncover: every square holds a multiplication, and the answer tells you which color to use. The picture only appears at the end. The first two use the easy tables, the third and fourth use the 6, 7, 8 and 9 tables, and the last two use all of them. The last page shows the finished pictures, so you can check. For more drawings, see our coloring pages.

Times tables color-by-number

PDF, six pictures plus the answer page.

Download the PDF

Frequently asked questions

What grade do kids learn the multiplication tables?

Most children start in second grade with the 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10 tables and finish in third grade with the 6, 7, 8 and 9 tables. By the end of third grade the facts should be secure, even when they come in any order.

Which multiplication table is the hardest?

For most kids it is the 7 table, followed by the 8 and the 6. The facts children miss most often are 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, 8 × 8 and 8 × 9, so it helps to review those on their own.

What is the difference between times tables and multiplication tables?

Nothing: they are the same thing. “Times tables” is the more common name in the UK, while in the US you will also hear “multiplication tables” and “multiplication facts.”

How do you read the × sign?

The × sign is read “times”: 6 × 7 = 42 is read “six times seven is forty-two.” The two numbers you multiply are called factors, and the answer is the product.

How many minutes a day should a child practice?

Ten minutes every day is enough, especially out loud or as a game. When a table feels secure in any order, move on to the next one, and review the earlier ones from time to time.

How high do kids need to know the tables?

Schools usually ask for the tables up to 10 × 10, and many go up to 12 × 12. The 11 and 12 tables are not always required, but they help with dozens, clocks and calendars.

Are the PDFs free?

Yes. They are free to download and print for personal and classroom use, with no sign-up. They are not for resale.

Try it yourself

Multiplication games: practice, a 60-second challenge and a multiplication chart to complete, all free
Quiz of the Day and all the online quiz games